Is carbon steel safe - Carbon steel pans are a lesser-known but equally powerful member of the safe nonstick cookware lineup. Like cast iron, carbon steel develops a naturally nonstick patina after a quick oil seasoning. Because it’s made from metal sheets, the initial surface of a carbon steel pan will be smoother than that of a brand new, slightly bumpy cast iron ...

 
Jun 25, 2020 · What are the Potential Risks? Although carbon steel is a safe material for cookware, that doesn’t mean there is absolutely nothing to watch out for when buying it. The greatest risk is that a pan advertised as ‘carbon steel’ is actually an alloy that includes other metals. . How to name your business

While the average value of a 1943 steel penny is 45 cents, they can be worth as much as $10, according to Coin Tracker. The condition of the steel penny, if uncirculated, is what c...Made In Carbon Steelpans are made from sheets of 99% Iron and 1% Carbon, and are heat safe to 1200F. Since all of our Carbon Steel cookware consists of this same percentage of iron and carbon, every single piece is induction compatible. Even though Carbon Steel has incredible heat retention, we don’t recommend turning your stovetop up to max ...Carbon steel is also not dishwasher safe (to avoid rusting) and must therefore be washed by hand after each use. If you like to do large batch cooking once in a while, then this can become quite tedious if not impossible for some people who prefer using their dishwashers daily instead.High quality stainless steel is non-toxic and generally safe. Low quality stainless steel may contain nickel, which can be an allergy concern for some people. ... Carbon steel. Carbon steel is hardy and good for high-heat cooking. It can release small amounts of iron into food, similar to cast iron, which is nontoxic at low levels and even ... Matfer Bourgeat Black Steel is compatible with all HOB types, including induction, and is oven safe at any temperature. Lighter than Cast Iron Made of a single piece of high-carbon pressed steel, our Black Steel Cookware offer the natural nonstick properties of cast iron with more versatility and less weight. Provision your kitchen with safe, non-toxic, bakeware. Our chef tested everything from ceramic nonstick, pure ceramic, cast iron, French porcelain, glass, stainless steel and more. Read now. ... in our guide to safe non toxic cookware, top ceramic cookware picks, and has dove into the differences between carbon steel, stainless steel, ...So to sum it up, carbon steel kitchen tools are as safe as ceramic varieties thanks to their natural composition. If you are unsure of what type of knife is non-toxic and safe, you can use one made of carbon steel. Difference between carbon steel and stainless steel. Many people assume that carbon steel and stainless steel knivesare the same thing.If you’re designing a kitchen, you’ve probably considered stainless steel for your appliances, but you do have other options. Ah, the kitchen—a room so vital to modern life it’s be...Step 3: Heat the Pan. It's time to apply the first layer of seasoning, and it helps to heat the pan first so that the oil can go on as thinly as possible. I often do this over a burner but you can do it in a 450°F (230°C) oven, as well, as long as the handle of your carbon steel pan is oven-safe (unlike cast iron pans, which are a solid piece ...Sep 26, 2019 · For stainless steel that will be durable and stand the test of time, consider finding products that have a copper or aluminum-based core. Recommend brands: Le Creuset, Cuisinart Nov 7, 2022 · Lodge is best known for its reliable cast iron pans, and this carbon steel skillet is upholding the brand's reputation for quality cookware. The skillet is a steal at less than $40, given that it ... Dec 9, 2020 · Verdict: This is a big deal that cast iron users will sympathize with. Here, the handle won’t heat up like one-piece cast iron and the pan, while big in size, is as light as a comparable stainless steel or nonstick model. The Made In Blue Carbon Steel heats quickly like a nonstick pan, but retains heat like cast iron. Carbon steel is completely safe for cooking, and it doesn't contain toxic materials. Carbon steel is composed of carbon and iron. Both of those materials have been deemed safe for cooking. Since there is no layer of coating on the carbon steel, you don't have to worry about any toxins leaching into your food as the pan heats up. Dec 9, 2020 · Verdict: This is a big deal that cast iron users will sympathize with. Here, the handle won’t heat up like one-piece cast iron and the pan, while big in size, is as light as a comparable stainless steel or nonstick model. The Made In Blue Carbon Steel heats quickly like a nonstick pan, but retains heat like cast iron. The Biden administration has lifted Trump-era tariffs on Ukrainian steel—for just one year. The tariffs should be lifted permanently, so that Ukraine can rebuild its steel industry...More Durable Than Traditional Carbon Steel ULTRA-DURABLE DESIGN . Black Steel is metal utensil safe, corrosion-resistant, stain-resistant, and three times denser than aluminum. That means it's tough. The riveted cast iron handle provides a reliable, sturdy grip. Oven safe up to 600°F, Black Steel is suitable for all stovetops, including …Professional kitchens have relied on carbon steel for a long time. It's prized for its durability and light weight, as well as its ability to get very hot and stay that way. Carbon steel pans, sometimes called French steels, are made with the same components as cast iron: carbon and iron. But unlike cast iron, they have a smaller amount of ...*De Buyer Carbon Steel Prices:* https://debuyer-usa.com/collections/carbon-steel?sca_ref=404835.2T2gLdk0je Uncle Scott's Kitchen shows how to cook eggs in ca...It has adverse effects on health such as cancer, liver and kidney diseases, high cholesterol, abnormal blood pressure during pregnancy, thyroid problems, etc. It is considered one of the most dangerous fluorinated chemicals in the world. In light of this, Misen carbon steel pans are safe for health.Laura Klein, our founder and professionally trained chef, has been testing Non Toxic bakeware for 10+ years. She’s tested everything in our guide to safe non toxic cookware, top ceramic cookware picks, and has dove into the …Made In Cookware - 12" Blue Carbon Steel Frying Pan - (Like Cast Iron, but Better) - Professional Cookware - Crafted in France - Induction Compatible ... Is Oven Safe : Yes : Model Name : 12" Blue Carbon Steel Frying Pan : Has Nonstick Coating : No : Is Dishwasher Safe : No : Product Dimensions : 12.5 x 9.25 x 4.5 inches : Item Weight : …Is carbon steel safe? Carbon steel is not toxic or harmful to health. On the other hand, it can rust. This leads to rust particles coming loose which can ...Oven Seasoning Method. Heat the oven to 450 degrees, with one rack positioned in the center and another in the lower third. On the bottom rack, place a standard sheet pan. Use a paper towel to rub ...Carbon steel cookware is safe to use for cooking or baking since it's only made of iron and carbon, two safe materials. Learn how to season, clean, and …Made In carbon steel cookware is oven-safe up to 1200°F, and the ICON carbon steel pan can handle heat up to 800°F. Most cast iron skillet makers don’t even mention a maximum safe temperature because they can tolerate a much higher temperature than your oven is capable of reaching. 2. GreenPan Venice Pro Tri-Ply Stainless Steel. A very unique wok pan: infused with diamonds or Thermolon minerals, the non-stick coating is safe and has fewer impurities than other Greenpan ceramic-coated woks. free of PFAS, PFOA, lead, and cadmium. body of the wok has three-ply stainless steel clearly insanely durable. Jump to Review. Best Splurge: Smithey Carbon Steel Farmhouse Skillet at Food52 ($295) Jump to Review. Best Value: Vollrath French Style Carbon Steel Fry …Description. With a cooking surface of 6.9", the 9.5" Mineral B Pro fry pan is the ideal size for cooking up to 3 eggs or a chicken breast, perfect when you're cooking a meal for two people. With a cooking surface of 8.3", the 11" Mineral B Pro fry pan is the ideal size for simmering sauces or searing two steaks, perfect when you're cooking a ...Preparation for stainless steel to carbon steel welding Proper cleaning and preparation are vital steps to help ensure successful welding of dissimilar materials. Grind the mill scale or coatings back by at least 1/2 inch on each side of the joint. Follow this task by cleaning the area with a solvent such as alcohol or acetone.Steel is a metal alloy comprised of iron and carbon. The presence of carbon makes steel stronger and more resistant to breaking. The more carbon in the steel, the stronger it gets. Adding other alloying elements to steel can even improve the steel's ductility, hardness, durability, corrosion resistance, and much more.The refining of iron ore is one of the most historically significant achievements of all time. Find out how iron gets turned into steel and what it's used for. Advertisement ­If yo...For families dealing with pediatric asthma, like Germaine Gooden-Patterson’s clients in Clairton, the ramifications can be compounding, Gentile said. “The kids are …The Biden administration has lifted Trump-era tariffs on Ukrainian steel—for just one year. The tariffs should be lifted permanently, so that Ukraine can rebuild its steel industry...What Types of Steel are Used for Safe. 1. Carbon Steel. Carbon steel is a caustic metal that has a dull, matte look. This one is divided into three subtypes: low, medium, and high carbon steel ...What are the Potential Risks? Although carbon steel is a safe material for cookware, that doesn’t mean there is absolutely nothing to watch out for when buying it. …9 Aug 2023 ... Conclusion: Carbon steel knives can be safe and effective tools for food preparation, provided that you take proper care of them. While they ...If you're drilling through hardened steel, you'll want to use a cobalt drill bit. Find out about the best drill bits for hardened steel in this article. Advertisement Drilling thro...Stainless Steel Cookware. Stainless steel is a blend of metals (an alloy) usually containing iron, carbon, chromium, manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, and/or molybdenum. The reaction of these elements with oxygen, particularly the chromium and nickel, forms a tight film that helps to prevent rust and corrosion.12 Apr 2023 ... In this comparison of cast iron vs. carbon steel skillets, you'll learn how they compare in terms of cooking performance, ease of use, ...1. Apply a thin layer of wax or oil. Place your pan on a stovetop, and apply about ¼ teaspoon of wax, using a paper towel, or 4-5 drops of oil. You only need a very small amount! 2. Rub until the pan appears dry. Start rubbing it around with the paper towel to spread it evenly all over the bottom and sides of the pan.IMO, carbon steel is absolutely worth it. Carbon steel absolutely is not the best material for pans. Anyone claiming it is is just trying to get clicks. For pretty much all intents and purposes, carbon steel and cast iron are the same. If you have one, there’s no reason to run out and get the other.Jun 15, 2023 · Stainless Steel Cookware. Stainless steel pots and pans are safe to use in the same home as parrots. Ensure they’re uncoated and 100% stainless steel. Pure stainless steel pans should be silver with a shiny, smooth finish inside. A black or matte interior often signifies a coating. These chemicals became notorious after the 2019 film Dark Waters, which tells the story of an American town contaminated with the forever chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The concern many have about nonstick cookware is because before 2013, PFOA was used to make Teflon. But it's been a decade and this is no longer the case.The notoriously dirty steel manufacturing process hasn’t changed much in a thousand years. Since 1950, global steel production has risen from 189 million tons a …Imperial Home 7 Pc Carbon Steel Nonstick Cookware Set, Pots & Pans Set, Dishwasher Safe Cookware Set, Cooking Set, Kitchen Essentials (Black) Visit the Imperial Home Store. 3.5 3.5 out of 5 stars 1,081 ratings. 50+ bought in past month. $36.99 $ 36. 99. FREE Returns . Return this item for free.Carbon steel was developed alongside stainless steel and aluminum over 100 years ago. It is less brittle than cast iron and can be forged into different shapes. It is also a better heat conductor than cast iron, making it heat up and cool down quicker. Carbon steel cookware is incredibly safe.Jul 26, 2023 · We tested carbon steel pans from 14 brands including Made In, Smithey, and Misen to find the best for searing, roasting, and sautéing. ... which is only oven safe up to 400°F for 10 minutes. The ... Carbon Steel: Special Feature: Waterproof: Mounting Type: Wall Mount: Control Type: Key Control: Included Components: 2 x Keys 2 x Expansion Screws 2 x Expansion Tubes 1 x Carpet 1 x English Instruction: ... Lock Safe Money Safe, Solid Alloy Steel Cabinet Safes for Home, Office, Cash, Jewelry, Documents (White) 258. $145.99 $ 145. 99.What Types of Steel are Used for Safe. 1. Carbon Steel. Carbon steel is a caustic metal that has a dull, matte look. This one is divided into three subtypes: low, medium, and high carbon steel ...Safe – Carbon steel is made from iron and carbon, both materials are non-toxic and food safe. Additionally, a carbon steel pan doesn’t come with a non-stick …The ASTM A53 Grade B specification is a widely used standard for carbon steel pipes that are suitable for both pressure and structural applications. The first section of the ASTM A...Step 3: Heat the Pan. It's time to apply the first layer of seasoning, and it helps to heat the pan first so that the oil can go on as thinly as possible. I often do this over a burner but you can do it in a 450°F (230°C) oven, as well, as long as the handle of your carbon steel pan is oven-safe (unlike cast iron pans, which are a solid piece ...6 Aug 2022 ... A favorite of professional chefs all over the world, carbon steel cookware is a kitchen workhorse. It heats up evenly, produces a naturally non- ...It has enough carbon to make it hard and durable, but not brittle. Medium – Medium carbon steel has from 0.31 to 0.6 percent carbon. This yields a harder steel, more resistant to cutting and welding. This kind of steel is often formed and shaped before being heat treated, tempered, or cryogenically processed to further harden or refine the metal.NutriChef 6-Piece Nonstick Bakeware Set - Carbon Steel Baking Tray Set w/ Heatsafe Red Silicone Handles, Oven Safe Up to 450°F, Loaf Muffin Round/Square Pans, Cookie Sheet, Baking Pan -NCSBS6S,Black . Visit the NutriChef …These chemicals became notorious after the 2019 film Dark Waters, which tells the story of an American town contaminated with the forever chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The concern many have about nonstick cookware is because before 2013, PFOA was used to make Teflon. But it's been a decade and this is no longer the case.The short answer: it depends. If price is a key factor, keep in mind that carbon steel is typically more expensive than cast iron. Carbon-steel pans generally start at around $40 and can go up to ...The amount of carbon makes a big difference to the strength and durability of the wok. Premium carbon steel contains something in the region of 1% carbon, up to 1.5% in some cases. If a carbon steel wok has less than 0.6% carbon, or the manufacturer doesn’t list the carbon content, look elsewhere as this wok probably isn’t a good …Carbon steel wok is better than aluminum wok at stir frying. But in maintenance aluminum wok is the easiest to take care of, whereas carbon steel wok will need frequent seasoning to make it naturally nonstick and rust proof. Also carbon steel wok is safer than aluminum wok to cook acidic food item.Yes, it is safe to cook with carbon steel. Carbon steel is a combination of two materials: carbon and iron. These cookware materials are non-toxic and healthy to cook …Carbon steel is also not dishwasher safe (to avoid rusting) and must therefore be washed by hand after each use. If you like to do large batch cooking once in a while, then this can become quite tedious if not impossible for some people who prefer using their dishwashers daily instead.Is steel still the best material for building? Learn about the pros and cons of using steel for building construction and engineering at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Ever since the...Nov 7, 2022 · Lodge is best known for its reliable cast iron pans, and this carbon steel skillet is upholding the brand's reputation for quality cookware. The skillet is a steal at less than $40, given that it ... Safe – Carbon steel is made from iron and carbon, both materials are non-toxic and food safe. Additionally, a carbon steel pan doesn’t come with a non-stick …Prices for steel pipe can range from a couple dollars per foot, as of 2019, up to a few thousand dollars, depending on the gauge and diameter you need, as shown on the Columbia Pip...More Durable Than Traditional Carbon Steel ULTRA-DURABLE DESIGN . Black Steel is metal utensil safe, corrosion-resistant, stain-resistant, and three times denser than aluminum. That means it's tough. The riveted cast iron handle provides a reliable, sturdy grip. Oven safe up to 600°F, Black Steel is suitable for all stovetops, including induction.Jul 27, 2021 · Carbon steel is an alloy made of iron and carbon. It can range from 0.5% carbon up to 2% carbon. Carbon steel used in cookware is typically 99% iron, 1% carbon. Carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.6-1% is called "high carbon steel." from $85.00. $95.00. $89.99. With their stainless-steel handles, these carbon-steel fry pans of different kinds and sizes are 100% oven-safe. Enjoy the versatility and performance of carbon steel, with the freedom to use both the stove top and the oven as much as you need to. Our carbon steel pans are made with heavy quality iron, and coated with. What are the Potential Risks? Although carbon steel is a safe material for cookware, that doesn’t mean there is absolutely nothing to watch out for when buying it. …Feb 21, 2024 · Carbon steel is generally safe and non-toxic. It contains carbon and iron — and trace amounts of other minerals — but doesn’t have a chemical or ceramic coating. It can react with acids and transfer iron into your food, which may or may not be a concern depending on your personal nutritional needs. This pan's carbon steel material combines the best aspects of stainless, cast-iron and nonstick, and its unique high-sided shape can perform all the tasks of a traditional sauté pan, a wok, or a small saucepan. Plus, it's completely oven-safe. It's not so much a multitasker as an omni-tasker. Material: Carbon Steel Is Just Right27 Sept 2023 ... In this video, you'll learn how to season a brand-new carbon steel skillet. As I walk through the four simple steps, I also explain how to ... Matfer Bourgeat Black Steel is compatible with all HOB types, including induction, and is oven safe at any temperature. Lighter than Cast Iron Made of a single piece of high-carbon pressed steel, our Black Steel Cookware offer the natural nonstick properties of cast iron with more versatility and less weight. Carbon steel is completely safe for cooking, and it doesn't contain toxic materials. Carbon steel is composed of carbon and iron. Both of those materials have been deemed safe for cooking. Since there is no layer of coating on the carbon steel, you don't have to worry about any toxins leaching into your food as the pan heats up. Carbon steel is tough and durable, it can withstand high heat, and there’s no need to worry about scratching its cooking surface. This is why we generally suggest …The best thing to do is make sure your induction element covers as much of the bottom of the pan as possible. Likely the 7" should be able to match with an induction element that covers the entire base. Then, preheat the pan very slowly, like leave the induction element on low for a good 10-15 minutes, slowly raising it as you feel the ...7 Nov 2022 ... Because most carbon steel pans are oven safe, they're also good for searing and then roasting foods (like pork or beef tenderloin), roasting ...Yep, carbon steel would definitely be better used over a camp stove with a more uniform burner than over (or in) a camp fire, but if using a ...Carbon Steel: Special Feature: Durable: Item Weight: 37.4 Pounds: Alarm: No Alarm: See more. ... Bonsaii Steel Safe Box, Document Safe with Digital Keypad Lock, 1.2 Cubic Feet Security Electronic Safe with Removable Shelf for Home, Hotel, Office, Valuables, Money 12.99 x 14.17 x 12.99 Inches.There are many grades of steel wool on the market today. Check out this helpful article for details on the various uses for steel wool. Advertisement Advertisement Please copy/past...Once carbon steel pans have lost their natural non-stick coating due to excessive use, they can easily be made non-stick if they’re seasoned properly. They can be heated to higher temperatures than stainless steel. Since they can retain heat, they’re best used for frying, grilling, or searing fish, steaks, and chicken.Steel is a metal alloy comprised of iron and carbon. The presence of carbon makes steel stronger and more resistant to breaking. The more carbon in the steel, the stronger it gets. Adding other alloying elements to steel can even improve the steel's ductility, hardness, durability, corrosion resistance, and much more.Short answer: Steer clear. Dish soap is not suitable for carbon steel pans. "Just like with cast iron, you never want to use soap on your carbon steel pans," says Kalick. "It will fully strip the seasoning and may leave an unpleasant residue behind as well." When your cookware has crusted-on food, use boiled water and a metal spatula as …

Dec 19, 2023 · Best Budget: BK Cookware 12-Inch Black Carbon Steel Skillet at Amazon ($70) Jump to Review. Best Frying Pan: Lodge Seasoned Steel Skillet at Amazon ($45) Jump to Review. Best Paella Pan: Magefesa Carbon Steel Paella Pan at Amazon ($20) Jump to Review. . Expensive restaurant

is carbon steel safe

More Durable Than Traditional Carbon Steel ULTRA-DURABLE DESIGN . Black Steel is metal utensil safe, corrosion-resistant, stain-resistant, and three times denser than aluminum. That means it's tough. The riveted cast iron handle provides a reliable, sturdy grip. Oven safe up to 600°F, Black Steel is suitable for all stovetops, including induction.On January 21, JSW Steel will be releasing earnings Q3.Analysts predict JSW Steel will release earnings per share of INR 17.47.Follow JSW Steel st... JSW Steel will be reporting Q3...Carbon steel cookware is non-toxic, natural, and healthy. It has no PFOAs or other harmful chemicals, and it can be easily cleaned and reseasoned. It also adds iron …Product Reviews. The Best Carbon-Steel Pans for Pro-Level Cooking Without the Weight of Cast Iron. Carbon steel is a favorite in professional kitchens for good …The most common types of stainless steel cookware are subject to corrosion, salt pitting, and can leach metal. What is metal leaching? Metal leaching occurs when metal corrodes or pits during the cooking process, usually with acidic or salty foods. Metals such as cast iron, carbon steel, aluminum, and copper are especially prone to corrosion.High-Carbon Steel Knife Cons. Carbon steel knives contain just what's in the name, carbon and steel, and have very little chromium. Stainless steel has an added element called chromium, which assists with rust and corrosion protection (get it — stainless). This leaves carbon steel at a disadvantage when it comes to showing wear …Dec 9, 2020 · Verdict: This is a big deal that cast iron users will sympathize with. Here, the handle won’t heat up like one-piece cast iron and the pan, while big in size, is as light as a comparable stainless steel or nonstick model. The Made In Blue Carbon Steel heats quickly like a nonstick pan, but retains heat like cast iron. Steel is a term used for a number of alloys of iron and carbon with differing physical properties. While the density of steel varies depending on the alloys used to create it, its ...Preheat slowly to prevent warping – especially on electric or induction cooktops. Season regularly to maintain a nonstick surface. Avoid cooking acidic foods. Use enough oil. Store with a piece of paper towel on the surface if stacking with other pans. Use any utensils you like – even metal.However, Carbon Steel, unlike old Teflon coated cookware, is completely non toxic. It only has the two chemicals in it—carbon and iron—neither of which are toxic. And the best …27 Sept 2023 ... In this video, you'll learn how to season a brand-new carbon steel skillet. As I walk through the four simple steps, I also explain how to ...Carbon steel can be used for a variety of applications including automotive parts, construction materials, and hand tools. It is known for its strength and durability and can be heat-treated to increase hardness. Carbon steel is also more susceptible to rust than other types of steel. Carbon steel parts may be manufactured by forging, casting ...Pre-Seasoned Carbon Steel: Just wash and start cooking—no seasoning required ; This pan naturally develops a non-stick patina over time ; Precision engineered for powerful performance from stovetop to grill ; The lightweight body heats quickly and is built to last ; Oven safe up to 660˚F/350˚CSince carbon steel pans are thinner than cast iron, they heat up quicker and cool off faster. They are more responsive to temperature adjustments than cast iron skillets. However, cast iron retains heat better than carbon steel and the heat distribution is a little better. Carbon steel has around 1% carbon and 99% iron, while cast iron has 2-3% ...Carbon steel pans are a lesser-known but equally powerful member of the safe nonstick cookware lineup. Like cast iron, carbon steel develops a naturally nonstick patina after a quick oil seasoning. Because it’s made from metal sheets, the initial surface of a carbon steel pan will be smoother than that of a brand new, slightly bumpy cast iron ...What Is Carbon Steel Cookware? First used in French kitchens, carbon steel cookware is commonly thought of a hybrid of the best parts of cast Iron and stainless steel cookware. It has the same makeup as cast iron (that is, carbon and iron—ours is 99% iron, 1% carbon) without the weight commonly associated with cast iron skillets, plus the heat retention …Stainless Steel Cookware. Stainless steel is a blend of metals (an alloy) usually containing iron, carbon, chromium, manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, and/or molybdenum. The reaction of these elements with oxygen, particularly the chromium and nickel, forms a tight film that helps to prevent rust and corrosion.Pros: Carbon steel is ideal for use on any type of cooktop, including induction, and is the preferred material for woks, omelet pans, and crepe pans. Wipes clean with paper towels. It’s lighter ...9 Aug 2023 ... Conclusion: Carbon steel knives can be safe and effective tools for food preparation, provided that you take proper care of them. While they ...steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). By far the most widely used material for building the world’s infrastructure and industries, it is used to fabricate everything from sewing needles to oil tankers. In addition, the tools required to build and …Carbon Steel. The wonder metal that combines the best of nonstick, stainless steel, and cast iron. Stainless Steel Stainless Steel. Everyday workhorses that last a lifetime. Versatile, durable, and dishwasher-friendly. ... • Oven-Safe • Induction Compatible • Visit our Use & Care page for more care instructions..

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